SA_Part2_04

(Those genetically programmed patterns of properties that trigger endorphin (opioid) organism stimulation and determine the object value for individuals. In a certain sense we are all "on the needle". It is possible to find out the whole set of biotic irritants by a psychophysiological experiment using the direct (measuring endorphin level) or indirect (by registering the activation of relevant physiological systems, as I.P. Pavlov did) markers.
Unfortunately, unlike the rest of the animal world, it is more complicated of a procedure to define biotic irritants by a human, since he is "burdened" with additional nature-given degrees of freedom. Animals have those irritants as strictly programmed and genetically determined characteristics, whereas the human irritants are socially determined. To get a better idea of this "novelty" it would be worthwhile going through the main stages of the evolutionary process.

The first stage was marked by development of the unicellular organisms with low individual adaptive capabilities. On the second stage the evolution "started" assembling more complex systems, specializing discrete cells in terms of definite functions, thus creating organs. Having had enough "experimenting" with multicellular organisms, it "returned" again to the old idea of community, although not on the basis of distinct cells of one organism, but distinct organisms within a society. Thus, having turned to the society, which is less rigid and developing several times faster than a separate organism, the evolution faced an old problem: how can it be possible to specialize discrete elements of a society in terms of performing new functions needed by the evolution's "favorite"? The attempts at genetic specialization (like ant workers, ant guards, queens etc. ) have been of no success. That is why nature "found" another solution: let the society determine the means essential to its survival. As different biological systems of separate individual's organism grow, a number of social characteristics are imprinted by it as biotic ones, during definite sensitive periods. Yet assuming that method, the whole "bunches" of outside characteristics are brought about as biologically significant ones, since the imprinting process takes place through objects already equipped with a lot of characteristics. If we recollect an inhumane experiment of the famous zoopsychologist Lorentz , where chicken were given a galosh on a string instead of their mother, it won't be difficult to guess that such characteristics as "black", "shiny", "rubber" and others - from there on in would be associated with the blood relation, security etc.

Of course, it inevitably causes some blunders like inadequate sexual orientation (even to fetishism), but this is "trifles" compared to how much time and effort it saves! Investing minimal time, discrete cells of the society narcotized their biological requirements with the socially significant characteristics. This makes an individual seek after social acceptance, prestige and power with the stubbornness of a sex maniac. Since social love and acceptance always cost something, in the end the society gets a good servant who would readily work for that "organ" where his accomplishments and abilities would enable him to reach maximum acceptance and endorphin.

Thus, buying, for example, clothes, an individual spends a major part of his money on social prestige, sex appeal etc, instead of just satisfying his need of warmth. It becomes a difficult task to find out, which characteristics are linked to one or another biological instinct in a specific individual. The more so as the "connection" between the social and biological works on the subconscious level)

SEMANTIC ANALYSIS:

THE ROLE OF MENTALITY IN THE WORLD VIEW OUTLINED

BY THE HUMANITIES AND NATURAL SCIENCES

Motivational Space Construction

As it was demonstrated in the previous part, on the basis of experiment matrix , we get: matrices , that define the directions of sense unit vectors for each of the objects in the semantic space of categories , as well as probability values for these states in a studied mentality .

Categorial object representation determines their meaning, but not the sense. To reveal the sense it is essential to correlate them with the motive - a certain goal function in a studied mentality, which determines their value for the subject.

We suppose that every motive is determined by some requirement in the context of a specific mentality under given conditions and it has its ideal. An ideal corresponds to a certain direction in a semantic space that is defined by a unit vector It characterizes the optimal correlation of characteristics/properties to provide the means of satisfying the studies requirement under given conditions. In this case, the rating (desirability) of the -th object in state concerning a given motive depends both on the angular proximity of its estimation vector to the direction prescribed by "ideal" , and its "length" , as well the "segment" of this state in the structure of informants' evaluations - .

Thus, the average final object rating would be defined as follows:

By solving the above equation system, we can calculate the ideal correlations of properties defined by motivational vector under given conditions , and thus grant it a categorial expression and determine the sense and significance of the objects for a studied mentality. One should make use of the nullity vector to solve the overdetermined equation system.

EXAMPLE

The equations received make it possible to calculate and scrupulously analyze contributions of each state to the object rating as well as the weight and significance of each semantic category.

Knowledge allows one to make rating forecasts (desirability forecast) for any new object by selected estimates of its characteristics under given conditions.

It is further possible to obtain decomposition of any object in the motivational space of a given mentality as well, which is the basis of analysis of "subject-object" force interactions.

It seems that different object states reflect its possible potential value in a given mentality as a means of satisfying requirements under some customary conditions. It is evident that this value would change under different conditions even within one requirement.

The motives actually develop on the basis of the evolution-generated self-preservation methods, which are correlated with some process types (instincts), and therefore, definite relations of their sensation-markers that have specific correlates of definite characteristics on the mental map.

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