|

Science is a sphere of human activity,
which function is to elaborate and systematize objective knowledge of
reality. The principle of objectivity requires the knowledge to be independent
of the subject. Yet
it is impossible to exclude the very notion of "an observer",
"subject", from the scientific paradigm, even in the case of
the most formalized world description performed in physics. For
example, the presence of the subject in the relativity theory and quantum
mechanics drastically affects the results of an experiment [1]. Direct objectives of scientific
description, explanation and prediction of phenomena are the object of
its study on the basis of the previously discovered laws. That means theoretical
reflection of reality in certain models, as a rule, mathematical. For
this very reason scientific knowledge must possess verification possibilities,
i.e., the possibility of practical testing of theoretical predictions.
However, to be predictive, the theory ought to encompass the object's
complete description in terms of those properties that characterize it
in the studied class of processes. We will call such a description "adequate/complete".
The success of natural sciences had for the greatest part been predetermined
by the fact that they had initially used the natural adequate property
space in their explanation, which made it possible to consider all quantitative
changes in all kinds of transformation processes in the objects, as well
as discover the invariants (laws of conservation) in different instances
of interaction. |